What condition is associated with malignant hyperthermia in anesthesia?

Malignant hyperthermia is a serious reaction to certain anesthetic agents, particularly volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. It is associated with a genetic predisposition, often linked to a mutation in the ryanodine receptor found in the muscle cells. This condition leads to a rapid increase in calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, causing increased muscle metabolism and heat production, ultimately resulting in severe hyperthermia.

Porcine stress syndrome is a condition observed in pigs that is characterized by an increase in muscle metabolism, similar to malignant hyperthermia in humans. The two conditions share a common genetic basis, as both can be caused by abnormalities in the ryanodine receptor. This relationship makes porcine stress syndrome a key indicator of susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia when it comes to anesthesia.

In contrast, hyperthyroidism involves an overactive thyroid gland affecting metabolic processes but does not have a direct link to malignant hyperthermia. Hypocalcemia, a condition characterized by low calcium levels, can affect muscular function but does not have the same pathophysiological connection to malignant hyperthermia. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, while also involving severe muscle rigidity and hyperthermia, occurs due to a reaction to antipsych