What condition is referred to as atelectasis?

Atelectasis is a medical condition characterized by the collapse of alveoli, which are the tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. When these alveoli collapse, they cannot fill with air properly, which can lead to reduced oxygenation of the blood and impaired respiratory function. This can occur for various reasons, such as obstruction of airways, accumulation of fluid, or pressure on the lungs from surrounding structures.

Understanding atelectasis is crucial in anesthesia practice because the condition can significantly impact a patient's respiratory status during surgical procedures. Ensuring proper ventilation and addressing any underlying causes of atelectasis are essential steps in managing a patient's airway and maintaining adequate oxygen levels.