What is the primary use of parasympatholytics, also known as anticholinergics?

Parasympatholytics, or anticholinergics, are primarily used to prevent and treat bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate, as well as to reduce salivary secretions. The mechanism of action for these drugs involves blocking the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine on the parasympathetic nervous system. This leads to an increase in heart rate, making these medications beneficial in situations where bradycardia is present. Additionally, by inhibiting salivary gland activity, they are useful in surgical settings to minimize excessive salivation, which can be particularly advantageous during anesthesia or intubation.

Other options mention increasing heart rate and salivation, which is contrary to the functions of parasympatholytics since they typically reduce salivation. They are not classified as controlled substances for anesthesia, nor do they stimulate the sympathetic nervous system; instead, they counter the parasympathetic responses. Thus, the correct option accurately reflects the primary therapeutic applications of anticholinergics in clinical practice.